Research & Analysis Institute for Art
Market Mechanics / Auction Fees

The Hammer is
an illusion

When an auctioneer brings down the hammer at $1,000,000, the buyer pays significantly more, and the seller receives significantly less. The gap between those two numbers is the auction house's revenue.

The Buyer's Premium (BP)

The Buyer's Premium is an additional fee charged to the winning bidder, calculated as a percentage of the hammer price. It is not optional, and it is tiered.

Standard Buyer's Premium Tiers (2024 Estimates)
Hammer Price Threshold Premium %
Up to $1,000,000 26%
$1,000,001 to $6,000,000 21%
Above $6,000,000 14.9%

Worked Example

Hammer Price: $2,500,000

  • First $1,000,000 @ 26% = $260,000
  • Remaining $1,500,000 @ 21% = $315,000

Total Premium: $575,000

Final Price to Buyer: $3,075,000 (23% markup)

The Seller's Commission

Sellers are also charged a commission, though this is heavily negotiated. For low-value lots, it might be 10%. For high-value estates, the seller's commission is often waived entirely to win the consignment, with the auction house relying solely on the Buyer's Premium.

Calculate it yourself

Don't do the math in your head during a bidding war. Use our tool to calculate exact thresholds.

Launch Calculator

Frequently Asked Questions

Are premiums negotiable?
For the buyer, rarely. Unless you are buying tens of millions of dollars of art annually, the published rates apply. Sellers have much more leverage to negotiate their commissions.
Do these figures include taxes?
No. Sales tax, VAT, or Artist Resale Rights (Droit de Suite) are calculated on top of the final price (hammer + premium).